For Whom the Bell Tolls, by Ernest Hemingway

This story takes place during the Spanish Civil War, Fascists against Communists. Black and White or Good against Evil, the threadbare dichotomy, appears. That part of it is an old story.

We get a chance to examine what the motivation would be for acting to accomplishing something, even during the throes of death. But I don't think it is for a "Cause." That bug-a-boo of a word has no currency here.

For Whom the Bell Tolls is a story which occurs in a world of mountain climbing guerrilla warriors, snow, and melting snow, and birds flying with signals on their wings.

The protagonist wears rope-soled shoes for climbing the rocky side of mountains and meets illiterate characters, but their is nothing exceptional about that part of it.

Robert Jordan blows up bridges to fight the fascists. The reader and Robert Jordan find themselves questioning the competence of the very powerful person who delivers the orders to be followed without question (a downfall of militarization here.)

So, maybe they aren't really guerrilla fighters to the extent that they follow orders without question. You would think of guerrillas as being a bit more independent when it comes to thinking, hence the danger of guerrillas.